Unlocking the Reinforcement-Learning Circuits of the Orbitofrontal Cortex
- Resource Type
- Authors
- Jane R. Taylor; Daeyeol Lee; Stephanie M. Groman
- Source
- Behav Neurosci
- Subject
- Mechanism (biology)
Addiction
media_common.quotation_subject
Perspective (graphical)
Neurosciences
Prefrontal Cortex
PsycINFO
Amygdala
Article
Behavior, Addictive
Behavioral Neuroscience
medicine.anatomical_structure
Neuroimaging
mental disorders
medicine
Reinforcement learning
Animals
Orbitofrontal cortex
Psychology
Neuroscience
Reinforcement, Psychology
Algorithms
media_common
- Language
- English
Neuroimaging studies have consistently identified the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) as being affected in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. OFC dysfunction has been proposed to be a key mechanism by which decision-making impairments emerge in diverse clinical populations, and recent studies employing computational approaches have revealed that distinct reinforcement-learning mechanisms of decision-making differ among diagnoses. In this perspective, we propose that these computational differences may be linked to select OFC circuits and present our recent work that has used a neurocomputational approach to understand the biobehavioral mechanisms of addiction pathology in rodent models. We describe how combining translationally analogous behavioral paradigms with reinforcement-learning algorithms and sophisticated neuroscience techniques in animals can provide critical insights into OFC pathology in biobehavioral disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).