Purpose To investigate the value of 3D arterial spin labeling(ASL) perfusion imaging and DWI for the early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) in term neonates and the predictive value of 3D ASL for patient prognosis. Methods A total of 60 full-term neonates clinically diagnosed with HIE in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2021 and 60 control group was selected. All HIE neonates were divided into favourable outcome and adverse outcome groups according to their prognosis,and all subjects underwent 3D ASL and DWI simultaneously to compare cerebral blood flow (CBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in each region of interest and analyze the agreement.The areas of interest included bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus, and frontal white matter, and the final average was bilaterally taken.To investigate the correlation between CBF value of HIE in neonates and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA), the relationship between early changes of CBF value and prognosis of neonates with HIE。 Results The CBF values of basal ganglia and thalamus in the adverse outcome group were higher than those in the favourable outcome group, and the difference was statistically significant (P