6 Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with characteristics of extreme hydrological events in the Rolava river basin, which is located in the Ore Mountains in northwestern part of Czech Republic. The main aim of this study is a comparison of hydrological extremes in headwater catchments of Rolava River and Slatinný brook using data from the experimental monitoring of Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague and Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The other object is a field survey of the impacts of hydrological extremes on fluvial-morphological dynamics of the streams, focused on river-bed forming processes. The opening part of this thesis deals with the physical geographical and hydrographical characteristics. The main part is devoted to the comparison of extreme events in the monitored catchments focusing on floods and drought. As a final result, it was found out that Slatinný brook has a greater tendency to extremity of peak discharges. Another part of the results is an analysis of the five-year flood seasonality change on upper course of the Rolava River in two periods 1967-1990 and 1991-2014. Key words: extreme events, flood, drought, fluvial dynamics, Rolava, Slatinný brook