Dva najčešća uzroka niskog rasta su obiteljski nizak rast i konstitucionalno usporen rast sa zakašnjelim pubertetom, koji su normalne varijante rasta. Patološki uzroci niskog rasta su intrauterini zaostatak rasta, pothranjenost, endokrinološki uzroci, genetičke i sistemske bolesti. Povećan rast može se javiti kao jedan od simptoma u nizu bolesti dječje dobi, ali mogu biti i normalna varijanta rasta kao u slučaju konstitucionalno visokog rasta. Patološki uzroci visokog rasta su Klinefelterov, Jacobsov, Beckwith Wiedemann, Sotosov, Marfanov i Loeys Dietzov sindrom. Prekomjeran rast vidljiv je i kod pojačane sekrecije hormona rasta, homocistinurije i estrogenske rezistencije.
The two most common causes of low growth are familial short stature and onstitutional delay of growth and puberty, which are normal growth variants. Pathological causes of short stature are intrauterine growth restriction, malnutrition, endocrine causes, genetic and systemic diseases. Increased growth can occur as one of the symptoms in a number of childhood diseases, but it can also be a normal variant of growth as in the case of constitutional tall stature. Pathological causes of high growth are Klinefelter, Jacobs, Beckwith Wiedemann, Sotos, Marfan and Loeys Dietz syndrome. Excessive growth is also seen in increased secretion of growth hormone, homocystinuria and estrogen resistance.