Aim: Surgical site infection after cesarean section is an important and common health issue. Although there are several studies researching risk factors in the literature, limited data is present evaluating these factors in the Turkish population. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors and provide management protocols for the Turkish population. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 76 patients between 16-45 years of age who underwent cesarean section and were hospitalized for surgical site infection within 6 weeks and 149 patients who had no postpartum infection between June 2016 and December 2017 were included. Sociodemographic features, laboratory parameters, comorbid diseases and surgical characteristics were recorded. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis and P-value