Xianwei Hu,1 Haibao Wang,2 Youhui Tu,1 Mengdi Fei,3 Minmin Yin,2 Guanghe Fei,1 Yongqiang Yu2 1Pulmonary Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; 2Radiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; 3Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Background and objectives: Cognitive impairment is a common extrapulmonary comorbidity in COPD patients. The default mode network (DMN) plays a critical role in maintaining the normal activities of humans, and its function can be evaluated by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between cognition and function changes of the DMN in COPD patients.Methods: One hundred and thirteen eligible participants including 30 control subjects and 83 COPD patients matched for demographic characteristics were recruited. All participants performed cognitive function tests and underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging.Results: The total cognitive function scores of COPD patients were significantly different from those of control subjects (P