Upper body subcutaneous fat is a distinct fat depot that may confer increased cardiometabolic risk. We examined the cross-sectional associations between upper body subcutaneous fat volume and cardiometabolic risk factors.Participants were patients from the Framingham Heart Study who underwent multi-detector computed tomography between 2008 and 2011. Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted regression analyses were conducted. Covariates included age, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, postmenopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy. Additional models included adjustment for body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, or abdominal visceral adipose tissue.There were 2306 participants (mean age 60 years, 54.4% women) included. Mean upper body subcutaneous fat was 309.9 cmHigher upper body subcutaneous fat is cross-sectionally associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk factors. Our findings underscore the importance of subcutaneous adiposity in the upper body region that may provide a better understanding of the pathogenic properties of obesity in the development of cardiometabolic sequelae.