The Kura-Araxes (KA) cultural phenomenon, dated to the Early Bronze Age (EBA, 4th and 3rd millennium, c. 3500-2500 BCE) is primarily characterised by the emergence of a homogeneous ‘material culture package’ in settlements across the South Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan), as well as territories extending to the Levant and Ancient Near East. More specifically, one of the major EBA craft products associated with the KA corresponds to a homogeneous style of black-burnished pottery in the South Caucasus, known as Early Transcaucasian Ware and other synonymous terms in the literature. An interdisciplinary approach is conducted on a wide selection of ceramic samples representing the KA culture, in order to reconstruct pottery technology, direct evidence of pottery use, and dietary practices. Archaeological sites and potsherd samples selected span eight coeval KA settlements across Armenia: Gegharot, Karnut-1, Margahovit, Mokhra-Blur, Norabak-1, Shengavit, Sotk-2 and Talin Tombs. The analysis of KA pottery is carried out using an integrated multi-analytical approach to contribute to our understanding of cultural attributes, through (1) chaîne opératoire, (2) pottery use and dietary inferences. Stereomicroscopy, thin-section petrography, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDS) are employed in order to reconstruct pottery fabric pastes and the transmission of technology across coeval KA settlements. Additionally, absorbed lipid residues from pottery are analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-compound-isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS), to determine the organic products produced, consumed and to reconstruct pottery function and subsistence practices. Results from petrographic analyses suggest a local household industry production, spanning diverse technological procedures in raw materials and manufacturing at each settlement (i.e., the use of volcanic ash, grog and igneous rock fragments). Results from organic residue analysis provide compelling evidence for a diversified diet across settlements, comprising plant processing, dairying, animal carcass fats and aquatic commodities. The remarkable preservation of diagnostic plant lipid biomarkers, notably long-chain fatty acids (C20 to C28) and n-alkanes (C23 to C33) in organic residues from sites in Armenia has enabled identification of the earliest processing of plants in ceramic vessels of the region. These findings expand our current interpretation regarding the nature and fabric of the prescribed EBA Kura-Araxes communities residing in Armenia, South Caucasus. It is hoped that, in the future, new evidence in pottery analyses framed with archaeological evidence will increase our current understanding of the Kura-Araxes cultural phenomenon and the overall socio-economic structure of EBA communities.