Purpose:To evaluate the demographic, educational, and scholarly characteristics of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology–accredited vitreoretinal surgery fellowship program directors in the United States and Canada. Methods:Demographic, educational, and scholarly profiles of identified program directors were collated from online public resources. Characteristics were compared by sex, program size, ranking, and affiliation. Results:Eighty-one program directors (mean age [±SD] 54.7 ± 11.0 years) from 78 fellowship programs were identified. The minority were women (14.8%), who were on average 6 years younger than their male counterparts (P= .07). The majority of program directors had an academic affiliation (90.1%), most commonly professor (54.8%). The mean h-index, 5-year h-index, and m-quotient were 20.9 ± 14.9, 5.9 ± 4.4, and 0.82 ± 0.42, respectively. Compared with their counterparts, program directors of both “top 10” and large programs published more manuscripts (P< .05), accrued more citations (P< .05), and had a higher h-index (P< .05). Fellowship programs with female program directors had a significantly larger proportion of female retina faculty (P= .002). Conclusions:The backgrounds of vitreoretinal surgery program directors are diverse. However, women remain underrepresented in this position, highlighting an area with the potential for greater equity in ophthalmology.