The Utility of Miniaturized Adsorbers in Exploring the Cellular and Molecular Effects of Blood Purification: A Pilot Study with a Focus on Immunoadsorption in Multiple Sclerosis.
- Resource Type
- Academic Journal
- Authors
- Körtge A; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Breitrück A; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Doß S; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Hofrichter J; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Nelz SC; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Krüsemann H; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Wasserkort R; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Fitzner B; Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany.; Hecker M; Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany.; Mitzner S; Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Division of Nephrology, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany.; Zettl UK; Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
- Source
- Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
- Subject
- Language
- English
Immunoadsorption (IA) has proven to be clinically effective in the treatment of steroid-refractory multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We used miniaturized adsorber devices with a tryptophan-immobilized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel sorbent to mimic the IA treatment of patients with MS in vitro. The plasma was screened before and after adsorption with regard to disease-specific mediators, and the effect of the IA treatment on the migration of neutrophils and the integrity of the endothelial cell barrier was tested in cell-based models. The in vitro IA treatment with miniaturized adsorbers resulted in reduced plasma levels of cytokines and chemokines. We also found a reduced migration of neutrophils towards patient plasma treated with the adsorbers. Furthermore, the IA-treated plasma had a positive effect on the endothelial cell barrier's integrity in the cell culture model. Our findings suggest that IA results in a reduced infiltration of cells into the central nervous system by reducing leukocyte transmigration and preventing blood-brain barrier breakdown. This novel approach of performing in vitro blood purification therapies on actual patient samples with miniaturized adsorbers and testing their effects in cell-based assays that investigate specific hypotheses of the pathophysiology provides a promising platform for elucidating the mechanisms of action of those therapies in various diseases.