Background: The risk of coronavirus disease 2019 among people with multiple sclerosis with different disease-modifying therapies is not well established.
Objective: To investigate the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 and the remaining symptoms among people with multiple sclerosis and the associations with different disease-modifying therapies.
Methods: Individuals aged 20-50 listed in the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Registry were invited to participate in a survey in 2021. Information on reported coronavirus disease 2019 infection and remaining symptoms were linked to individual-level register data. The risks by disease-modifying therapy of having coronavirus disease 2019 or having remaining symptoms were estimated with logistic regression.
Results: Of the 4393 participants, 1030 (23.4%) self-reported coronavirus disease 2019 (749 confirmed and 281 suspected). The observed odds for coronavirus disease 2019 did not differ by disease-modifying therapy ( p -values <0.05). The majority reporting coronavirus disease 2019 had fully recovered (68.5%), 4.2% were currently/recently sick, and 27.0% had symptoms remaining after 2 months. The most frequently reported remaining symptoms involved one's sense of smell or taste (37.0%), fatigue (20.0%), and breathing (12.0%). No statistically significant associations were observed between having remaining symptoms and the disease-modifying therapy.
Conclusion: Despite the initial concerns of differing infection risks by MS treatments, we observed no differences in coronavirus disease 2019 occurrence or remaining symptoms among those who had coronavirus disease 2019. Nonetheless, exercising caution in interpreting our findings, it remains implicit that people with multiple sclerosis are particularly susceptible to infection and that lingering symptoms may persist beyond the initial infection.
Competing Interests: The authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: CM was previously funded partly by unrestricted research grants from Biogen as well as from Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squibb. Today, CM is employed by Macanda AB and works as a market access consultant for various pharmaceutical companies. EP declares no conflict of interest. JH has received honoraria for serving on advisory boards for Biogen, Celgene, Sanofi-Genzyme, Merck KGaA, Novartis and Sandoz and speaker's fees from Biogen, Novartis, Merck KGaA, Teva and Sanofi-Genzyme, has served as principal investigator for projects, or received unrestricted research support from Biogen, Celgene, Merck KGaA, Novartis, Roche and Sanofi-Genzyme, and his MS research was funded by the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish Brain Foundation. AM is funded partly by unrestricted research grants from Biogen as well as from Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squibb. EF is funded partly by an unrestricted research grant from Biogen and has received unrestricted research grants from Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squibb and speaker's fees from Merck.
(© The Author(s), 2024.)