Case report: The role of hypertension retinopathy graduation in the management of systemic cardiovascular disease.
- Resource Type
- Report
- Authors
- Kosteva K; New England College of Optometry, Boston, USA.; Kaufman EJ; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.; Kinch A; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
- Source
- Publisher: Medknow Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 101610082 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2249-4863 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22494863 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Family Med Prim Care Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
- Subject
- Language
- English
- ISSN
- 2249-4863
Moderate to severe hypertensive retinopathies are more likely to correlate with uncontrolled blood pressure in all ages. Mild microvascular changes are expected with natural aging and are therefore more concerning in patients younger than 40. Risk assessment is subsequently determined based on blood pressure measurements and patient symptoms. The goal of this paper is to discuss current opinions regarding the role of grading hypertensive retinopathy in the risk assessment of systemic cardiovascular disease in the context of a clinical case. Management and referral recommendations for clinicians will be summarized. Emergent referral for hospital-based care is indicated in any patient with severe hypertensive retinopathy; pregnant women with moderate hypertensive retinopathy; patients younger than 55 with blood pressure greater than Grade 2; any patient with blood pressure greater than grade Severe; any patient with symptoms of chest pain, headache, dyspnea, or dizziness; and any patient with a symptomatic retinal plaque.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.)