Exploring Lorentz Invariance Violation from Ultrahigh-Energy γ Rays Observed by LHAASO.
- Resource Type
- Academic Journal
- Authors
- Cao Z; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Aharonian F; Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliam Place, 2 Dublin, Ireland.; Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics, P.O. Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.; An Q; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Axikegu; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Bai LX; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Bai YX; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Bao YW; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Bastieri D; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Bi XJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Bi YJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Cai H; School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China.; Cai JT; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Cao Z; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Chang J; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Chang JF; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Chen BM; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Chen ES; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen J; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Chen L; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen L; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China.; Chen L; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Chen MJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen ML; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Chen QH; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Chen SH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen SZ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen TL; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, 850000 Lhasa, Tibet, China.; Chen XL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Chen Y; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Cheng N; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Cheng YD; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Cui SW; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Cui XH; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.; Cui YD; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Piazzoli BD; Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Napoli 'Federico II,' Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.; Dai BZ; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Dai HL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Dai ZG; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Danzengluobu; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, 850000 Lhasa, Tibet, China.; Della Volpe D; Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Faculté de Sciences, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Dong XJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Duan KK; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Fan JH; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Fan YZ; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Fan ZX; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Fang J; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Fang K; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Feng CF; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Feng L; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Feng SH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Feng YL; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Gao B; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Gao CD; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Gao LQ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Gao Q; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, 850000 Lhasa, Tibet, China.; Gao W; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Ge MM; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Geng LS; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Gong GH; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.; Gou QB; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Gu MH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Guo FL; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China.; Guo JG; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Guo XL; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Guo YQ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Guo YY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Han YA; School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.; He HH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; He HN; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; He JC; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; He SL; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; He XB; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; He Y; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Heller M; Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Faculté de Sciences, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Hor YK; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Hou C; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Hou X; Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Hu HB; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Hu S; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Hu SC; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Hu XJ; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.; Huang DH; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Huang QL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Huang WH; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Huang XT; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Huang XY; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Huang ZC; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Ji F; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Ji XL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Jia HY; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Jiang K; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Jiang ZJ; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Jin C; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Ke T; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Kuleshov D; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Levochkin K; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Li BB; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Li C; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Li C; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li F; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Li HB; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li HC; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li HY; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Li J; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Li J; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Li K; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li WL; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Li XR; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li X; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Li X; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Li Y; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Li YZ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li Z; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Li Z; School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.; Liang EW; School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, Guangxi, China.; Liang YF; School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, Guangxi, China.; Lin SJ; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Liu B; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Liu C; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Liu D; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Liu H; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Liu HD; School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.; Liu J; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Liu JL; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.; Liu JS; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Liu JY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Liu MY; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, 850000 Lhasa, Tibet, China.; Liu RY; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Liu SM; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Liu W; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Liu Y; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Liu YN; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.; Liu ZX; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Long WJ; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Lu R; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Lv HK; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Ma BQ; School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.; Ma LL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Ma XH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Mao JR; Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Masood A; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Min Z; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Mitthumsiri W; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.; Montaruli T; Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Faculté de Sciences, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Nan YC; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Pang BY; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Pattarakijwanich P; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.; Pei ZY; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Qi MY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Qi YQ; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Qiao BQ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Qin JJ; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Ruffolo D; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.; Rulev V; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Sáiz A; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.; Shao L; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Shchegolev O; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Moscow, Russia.; Sheng XD; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Shi JR; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Song HC; School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.; Stenkin YV; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Moscow, Russia.; Stepanov V; Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia.; Su Y; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Sun QN; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Sun XN; School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, Guangxi, China.; Sun ZB; National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.; Tam PHT; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Tang ZB; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Tian WW; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.; Wang BD; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang C; National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.; Wang H; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Wang HG; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Wang JC; Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Wang JS; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.; Wang LP; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Wang LY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang RN; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Wang W; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Wang W; School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China.; Wang XG; School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 530004 Nanning, Guangxi, China.; Wang XJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang XY; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Wang Y; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Wang YD; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang YJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang YP; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wang ZH; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Wang ZX; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Wang Z; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.; Wang Z; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Wei DM; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Wei JJ; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Wei YJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wen T; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Wu CY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wu HR; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wu S; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Wu WX; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Wu XF; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Xi SQ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Xia J; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Xia JJ; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Xiang GM; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China.; Xiao DX; Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, 850000 Lhasa, Tibet, China.; Xiao G; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Xiao HB; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Xin GG; School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China.; Xin YL; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Xing Y; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China.; Xu DL; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.; Xu RX; School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.; Xue L; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Yan DH; Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Yan JZ; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Yang CW; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Yang FF; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Yang JY; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Yang LL; School of Physics and Astronomy and School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.; Yang MJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Yang RZ; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Yang SB; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Yao YH; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Yao ZG; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Ye YM; Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.; Yin LQ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Yin N; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; You XH; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; You ZY; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Yu YH; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Yuan Q; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zeng HD; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zeng TX; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Zeng W; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Zeng ZK; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zha M; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhai XX; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhang BB; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhang HM; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhang HY; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Zhang JL; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.; Zhang JW; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhang LX; Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; Zhang L; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Zhang L; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Zhang PF; School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, Yunnan, China.; Zhang PP; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Zhang R; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhang SR; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Zhang SS; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhang X; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhang XP; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhang YF; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhang YL; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhang Y; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhang Y; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhao B; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhao J; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhao L; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, Anhui, China.; Zhao LZ; Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.; Zhao SP; Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Zheng F; National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.; Zheng Y; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhou B; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; Zhou H; Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.; Zhou JN; Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China.; Zhou P; School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.; Zhou R; College of Physics, Sichuan University, 610065 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhou XX; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhu CG; Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China.; Zhu FR; School of Physical Science and Technology and School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.; Zhu H; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.; Zhu KJ; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049 Beijing, China.; Zuo X; Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics and Experimental Physics Division and Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.; TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu, 610000 Sichuan, China.
- Source
- Publisher: American Physical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401141 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1079-7114 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00319007 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Phys Rev Lett Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE
- Subject
- Language
- English
Recently, the LHAASO Collaboration published the detection of 12 ultrahigh-energy γ-ray sources above 100 TeV, with the highest energy photon reaching 1.4 PeV. The first detection of PeV γ rays from astrophysical sources may provide a very sensitive probe of the effect of the Lorentz invariance violation (LIV), which results in decay of high-energy γ rays in the superluminal scenario and hence a sharp cutoff of the energy spectrum. Two highest energy sources are studied in this work. No signature of the existence of the LIV is found in their energy spectra, and the lower limits on the LIV energy scale are derived. Our results show that the first-order LIV energy scale should be higher than about 10^{5} times the Planck scale M_{Pl} and that the second-order LIV scale is >10^{-3}M_{Pl}. Both limits improve by at least one order of magnitude the previous results.