Verticillium wilt is a highly destructive fungal disease that attacks a broad range of plants, including many major crops. However, the mechanism underlying plant immunity toward Verticillium dahliae is very complex and requires further study. By combining bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, we investigated plant defence responses against V. dahliae infection in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana L. A total of 301 increased and 214 decreased differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between mock and infected wild type (WT) plants were acquired and bioinformatics analyses were then conducted and compared (increased vs decreased) in detail. In addition to the currently known mechanisms, several new clues about plant immunity against V. dahliae infection were found in this study: (1) exosome formation was dramatically induced by V. dahliae attack; (2) tryptophan-derived camalexin and cyanogenic biosynthesis were durably promoted in response to infection; and (3) various newly identified components were activated for hub immunity responses. These new clues provide valuable information that extends the current knowledge about the molecular basis of plant immunity against V. dahliae infection. Verticillium wilt is a highly destructive fungal disease and the complex mechanism underlying plant immunity toward the causal pathogen requires thorough studies. Based on an analysis of proteome changes upon Verticillium dahliae infection in Arabidopsis thaliana L., we found formation of exosomes, enhancing tryptophan-derived compound biosynthesis and increasing abundance of some hub immunity components were essential for host defence. These new clues provide valuable information that extends the current knowledge about the molecular basis of plant immunity against V. dahliae infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]