Non-coding RNAs appear to be involved in the regulation of the nervous system. However, no competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network related to PM 2.5 damage in the hippocampal function has yet been constructed. Herein, we used whole-transcriptome sequencing technology to systematically study the ceRNA network in rat hippocampi after PM 2.5 exposure. We identified 100 circRNAs, 67 lncRNAs, 28 miRNAs, and 539 mRNAs and constructed the most comprehensive ceRNA network to date, to our knowledge. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses showed that the network molecules are involved in synapses, neural projections, and neural development and involve signal pathways such as the synaptic vesicle cycle. Finally, the expression of the differentially expressed RNAs confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR was consistent with the sequencing data. This study systematically dissected the ceRNA atlas related to cognitive memory function in the hippocampal tissue of PM 2.5 -exposed rats for the first time, to our knowledge, and promotes the development of potential new treatments for cognitive impairment. Unlabelled Image • The exposure of PM 2.5 can destroyhippocampal tissue and cognitive function of rats. • The most comprehensive ceRNA networks were identified and constructed by whole transcriptome sequencing for the first time. • GO and KEGG analysis showed the network are involved in process related to cognitive. • These results could provide a potential therapeutic target of cognitive dysfunction after PM 2.5 exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]