In this study, an original cutting tool (OCT) for machining nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 is selected, and a microgroove is designed on its rake face based on the temperature field contour. Hence, we present a new microgroove cutting tool (MCT). Through experimental and simulation trials, the cutting force, cutting energy, cutting temperature, tool life, and tool wear of MCT and OCT are compared and analyzed. The results indicate that cutting temperature and the forces with OCT are greater than that of MCT. Compared with OCT, the shear energy and total cutting energy of MCT are reduced, and the ratio of the shear energy to the total cutting energy (Rs-T) is greater than that of OCT. In addition, the tool life of MCT is 23 % longer than that of OCT under the equivalent machining conditions. The results indicate that the microgroove structure not only changes the balance force relationship but also reduces the generation, and optimizes the distribution of the cutting energy, resulting in extending the tool life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]