Electricity is the core of every nation's socioeconomic development. Nigeria depends heavily on fossil fuel for electricity generation due to the vast deposits of crude oil and natural gas in the country. Nevertheless, the vast deposit of crude oil, Nigeria still generates less than 4000 MW of electricity with per capita consumption of about 0.03 kW. Hydropower, being one of the available sources of energy, can be transported instantaneously and pollution free to the consumers making it attractive as compared to other forms of energy. Hence, the authors reviewed the available literatures on hydropower generation to evaluate its sustainability in Nigeria context. The literature search was made as wide as possible to capture all relevant data required. The searches covered databases specific to scholarly articles on hydropower generation sustainability. From the studies, it is shown that the potentials of hydropower generation in Nigeria if fully exploited can significantly improve the energy mix of the country that would sustainably serve its population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]