Purpose: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is one of the many treatment options for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SLT. Methods: Data were collected from medical records of 289 patients who underwent SLT treatment (180° of trabecular meshwork) during 2014 and 2015 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden. Baseline characteristics and information from a follow‐up within 100 days were also recorded. The study analysed different subtypes of glaucoma with regard to SLT, with a particular focus on exfoliative glaucoma, a common subtype in Sweden. Successful treatment was defined as an IOP lowering effect of >20% with no further changes in treatment. The impact of surgeon's experience on treatment outcome was also analysed. Results: Both patients with exfoliative glaucoma and those with primary open‐angle glaucoma showed a reduction in mean IOP; no significant difference was found between these two subtypes before treatment or at the first follow‐up. The success rate at follow‐up (within 100 days) was 52%. There was a significant difference in outcome between surgeons with different levels of experience, but this difference could likely be explained by differences in treatment strategies and total energy used. Conclusion: For many patients with glaucoma, SLT was an effective treatment option for lowering IOP. It was also effective for several glaucoma subtypes. However, not all patients had a significant reduction in IOP after treatment with SLT, and some may require additional treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]