Lamprotula gottschei(Von Martens, 1894) is one of the freshwater pearl mussels which have great meaning on economy in China. The complete F-type mitochondrial genome ofL. gottscheiwas firstly determined. This circle genome (15,915 bp in size) comprises 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, except forCOI, CYTB, ND4, ND6andND4L,with ATA start codon, the remaining protein-coding genes initiated with the orthodox ATG start codon. There were 25 non-coding regions found throughout the mitogenome ofL. gottschei, ranging in size from 1 to 305 bp, the largest of which is betweenND2andtRNAGln(305 bp), and is longer than the control region sequences (about 280bp) of freshwater mussels from Poland and South Korea. Strictly maternal inheritance (SMI) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the standard rule in nearly all anisogamic organisms (SMI), (Roze et al., 2005; White et al., 2008). However, bivalves of the marine family Mytilidae and Veneroida as well as the freshwater family Unionidae possess two independently inheritance mode of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (Boyle & Etter, 2013), which involves maternal (F) and paternal (M) transmission routes concomitant with highly divergent gender-associated mtDNA genomes. This system of mtDNA transmission was called doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) (Zouros, 2000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]