Food allergy is a significant public health issue, particularly affecting children, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The emergence of "omics" sciences, such as genomics and metabolomics, is revolutionizing research in this field by allowing for the comprehensive study of biological processes. This special issue focuses on the application of omics sciences to food allergy research, including epigenetic mechanisms, metabolomics, and the role of the gut microbiome. The goal is to gain a better understanding of the biological determinants of food allergy and improve approaches to precision medicine. [Extracted from the article]