The number of endovascular procedures performed with arterial puncture has been increasing in recent years. Some patients have complications developing at the arterial puncture site. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of complications after arterial punctures. The study included 256 patients referred to the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, with suspicion of complications after femoral (76 patients), brachial (44) and radial (136) artery punctures. All of the ultrasound examinations were performed with a LOGIQ 7 apparatus using a 6-12 MHz probe and a 3.5 MHz probe, in B-mode and Doppler options. 36 pseudoaneurysms, 15 fistulas and three cases of arterial dissection were found in the examined patients. In 5 cases, segmental radial artery coagulation was diagnosed. In 3 of these patients, a pseudoaneurysm and fistula coexisted. In 15 patients, who were diagnosed with pseudoaneurysms, a procedure of percutaneous injection of thrombin into their lumen and exclusion from circulation was performed. Conclusions: Ultrasound examination allows for explicit diagnosis of vascular complications after femoral and radial artery punctures and qualification for percutaneous treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]