A professional application-oriented big data course teaching reform plan is proposed to solve the limitation of the big data course at the current stage, that is, unclear teaching purpose that results in a single teaching content and poor teaching effect. To adapt to the employment requirements of the big data market, professional application is the design goal of the big data course. Based on this goal, the teaching plan of the big data course is adjusted; the teaching concepts of universities are changed. The teaching content is re-selected from three aspects, namely, theory, experiment, and practice. Multimedia teaching methods are introduced to optimize teaching resources from various aspects, such as teaching environment and faculty, and to support the teaching reform of big data courses. The final innovative curriculum assessment method reflects the professional level of students. The proposed teaching reform plan is applied to actual teaching work. Through the questionnaire survey and statistical analysis of the data, the evaluation conclusion about the effect of teaching reform is drawn. After the big data course reform, students’ grades on the course’s teaching status increased by about 26.6 points, the number of students who think that problems exist in the content structure of theoretical courses is reduced by 38%, the comprehensive satisfaction of courses increased by 2.25%, and the comprehensive level of students’ major improved. The teaching reform program of professional application-oriented big data course has a good application effect.