Obesity-associated chronic conditions (OCC) are prevalent in medically underserved areas of the Southern US. Continuity of care with a primary care provider is associated with reduced preventable healthcare utilization, yet little is known regarding the impact of continuity of care among populations with OCC. This study aimed to examine whether continuity of care protects patients living with OCC and the subgroup with type 2 diabetes (OCC+T2D) from emergency department (ED) and hospitalizations, and whether these effects are modified by race and patient residence in health professional shortage areas (HPSA)