Fracturing-drainage in low permeability reservoirs is a special method to facilitate oil production, however, conventional chemical oil displacement agents cannot adequately take advantage of this technology. Active SiDots nanofluid has special surface/interface properties and excellent stability that can contribute to improving the effect of fracturing-drainage. This paper investigates the influencing factors and mechanisms of active SiDots nanofluid assisted fracturing-drainage to enhance oil recovery (EOR) through experiments and reservoir numerical simulation. The results on the performance of the active SiDots nanofluid show that 0.10 wt% concentration was sufficient to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension from 20 mN/m to 0.32 mN/m and modify the oil-wet core to water-wet. Experimental and reservoir numerical simulation results indicate that the incremental oil recovery after the active SiDots nanofluid fracturing-drainage was more than 10%, which was more effective than surfactant alone. The optimum injection concentration and volume of active SiDots nanofluid were 0.10 wt% and 0.6 PV, respectively. To improve the utilization of active SiDots nanofluid, the well shut-in time should be at least 24 h. One-cycle active SiDots nanofluid injection was more conducive to replenishing the formation energy and expanding the swept volume. The field injection rate of the SiDots nanofluid should not be too high to prevent breakthroughs. The EOR experimental results indicate that the fracturing-drainage could increase the injection volume to replenish energy and reduce the active SiDots nanofluid adsorption loss thereby effectively peeling the oil film. This paper addresses the supply shortage of conventional chemicals used for fracturing-drainage in low-permeability reservoirs and expands the study of the influencing factors and mechanisms of fracturing-drainage.