Objective:This study aimed at investigating the association between dyslipidemia and body constitution of traditional Chinese medicine (BCTCM) may be clinically meaningful for the early diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia.Methods:More than 4,000 participants were invited to a screening visit between 2011 and 2014, and 3,748 participants were available for data analysis. All study subjects underwent complete clinical baseline characteristics evaluation. Differences were determined using one-way analysis and χ2analysis. Univariate regression analyses and multiple-variable logistic regressions (MLRs) determined the association between BCTCM variables and outcomes.Results:In the dyslipidemia group, the Qi-deficient and Yang-deficient types accounted for more participants than others, and these two types were significantly associated with the outcome (p<0.05). MLRs detected significant associations between the Qi-deficient and Yang-deficient types with dyslipidemia (p<0.05for the two), and their odds ratios (ORs) for dyslipidemia were 1.211 and 1.234, respectively.Conclusion:Qi-deficient and Yang-deficient types are independently and significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Participants with Qi-deficient and Yang-deficient constitutions have a higher incidence of dyslipidemia.