Aims: Temperature and nitrogen (N) fertilizer are critical factors influencing the root system growth of Malus sieversii seedlings. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of soil temperature and N addition on soil nutrients and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of Malus sieversii need to be further explored. Methods: In this study, chemical analytical methods, and high-throughput sequencing were utilized to determine the chemical properties, mineral elements, and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of Malus sieversii under different temperatures and N treatments. Results: The results showed that alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus, available potassium and total N were significantly greater in the nitrogen addition treatment than in the no-N addition treatment at the same temperature level. The calcium and iron contents and Shannon, Chao1 and Ace indices were greater in the N application at room temperature than in the other treatments. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter and Bacillus were significantly greater in the N addition treatment than in the no-N addition treatment at the same temperature level. Redundancy analysis showed that rhizosphere soil pH, AN, and total potassium content were the main factors affecting bacterial communities. Conclusions: Our study suggests that temperature and N addition are essential drivers of bacterial communities while also demonstrating that regulating soil nutrient levels can increase bacterial diversity and the relative abundances of genera associated with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium metabolism.