Korea and China are not only geographically adjacent neighbors but also have historically similar experiences. They also form a culturally cooperative Eastern cultural view. They belong to the Asian Confucian culture in their cultural attributes, and Confucian ethical notions form the basis of the moral norms for both countries. Although the modernization of Korea in the 1970s and China"s modernization process of China in the 1980s are not equivalent situations, the keywords for economic development are similarly shown. In other words, the developments of both Korea"s and China"s modernization are similar. While modernization has resulted in rapid economic growth in both countries, it has also brought similar problems such as the collapse of rural communities, an increasing gap between rich and poor among local classes, the loss of morality, and the rise in pollution. This paper focuses on the rural issues literally reflected in the process of Korea"s and China"s modernization reflected in literature through a comparative analysis of the works of Lee Mungu, a representative author of rural novels in Korea in the 1970s, and Hu Xuewen, a representative author of rural novels in China. How the two writers attempt to examine how they literally perceive about these rural problems in their literature will be examined through the comparative analysis.