BACKGROUND:: Some scholars prepared rifampicin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres with diameter of 10μm which was not suitable to be combined with calcium phosphate cement to prepare repair materials with good degradation. OBJECTIVE:: To conduct the preparation of rifampicin-loaded PLGA microspheres with large size and to study the physicochemical characteristics of the microspheres and the characteristics of drug release in vitro. METHODS:: Rifampicin-loaded microspheres of biodegradable PLGA were prepared using a double-emulsion solvent-extraction [(water-in-oil)-in-water] technique. The morphology of the microspheres was observed by scanning electron microscope and light microscope. Their average diameter and the span were measured. Their envelopment rate and drug-carried rate were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Their release characteristics were studied in vitro by dissolution method. The curve of drug release in vitro was fitted and the equation of the curve was established. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:: Rifampicin-loaded PLGA microspheres presented complete globe, good dispersibility and no obviously aggregation. Their average diameter was (80.0±9.4) μm, drug-carried rate was (33.18±1.36)% and envelopment rate was (54.79±1.13)%. In vitro release property of the microspheres was good. In the burst release phase, the rate of drug release in vitro was (14.66±0.18)%, and rose to (18.09±0.45)% and (92.17±1.23)% 3 and 42 days later. Rifampicin-loaded PLGA microspheres have the characteristics of slowing antituberculosis drugs releasing.Ye XY, Sun X, Jia HW,Tang LX, Zhao YG, Zhen P. Preparation and characterization of rifampicin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu yu Linchuang Kangfu. 2011;15(51): 9608-9612. [http://www.crter.cn http://en.zglckf.com]