OBJECTIVE.: METHODS.: RESULTS.: Carotid artery wall volume, total vessel volume, and the wall:outer wall ratio were elevated in TA patients compared with controls (wall volume 1,045 mm in TA patients versus 640 mm in controls, P < 0.001; total vessel volume 2,268 mm in TA patients versus 2,037 mm in controls, P < 0.05; wall:outer wall ratio 48% in TA patients versus 32% in controls, P < 0.001). The lumen volume was reduced in TA (1,224 mm versus 1,398 mm in controls, P < 0.05). In TA, LV function was more dynamic, with reduced end-systolic volume (mean ± 95% confidence interval ejection fraction 74 ± 3% versus 67 ± 1% in controls, P < 0.001; LV end-systolic volume 19 ± 4 ml/m versus 25 ± 1 ml/m in controls, P < 0.001). Myocardial late gadolinium enhancement was present in 4 (27%) of 15 patients, indicating previously unrecognized myocardial damage. CONCLUSION.