One of the biggest concerns of modern society is the inadequate care of the elderly. While the average life expectancy has been extended, the care of the elderly seems to have been neglected mainly because the feeling of responsibility by the family members has been diminished due to the social changes such as nuclear family system. Thereby, the care of the elderly is closely related to the elder abuse, which becomes a major social phenomenon of today. Martin MacDonagh's The Beauty Queen of Leenane (1996) appears to describe the issue accurately. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the issue of elder care in the play, on the basis of the ecological theory suggested by Allan Kemp. The result will provide another dimension to understand the play better and the social phenomenon as well, reflecting that literature is the most reliable barometer of the society. (Chung-Ang University)