Although small businesses in Korea account for a large proportion of the economy in terms of the number of businesses and employees, they are struggling with the problems that have appeared in the restaurant industry as a whole, such as high inflation, interest rates, price hikes, and labor cost increases. Especially for small restaurants, these social and environmental factors are causing business difficulties, and more and more restaurants are deciding to close. At this point, it is essential to examine the effects of fear of business failure and positive psychological capital on the re-start intention and entrepreneurial behavior of failed small restaurant owners. Therefore, this study examined the effects of fear of entrepreneurial failure on restart intention and entrepreneurial behavior and the effects of positive psychological capital on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behavior to help failed restaurant small business owners restart their businesses. The purpose of this study is to examine 1) the relationship between fear of failure and restart intention, 2) the relationship between positive psychological capital and restart intention, 3) the relationship between restart intention and entrepreneurial behavior, and 4) the entrepreneurial behavior of failed restaurant owners by type of business. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire was developed based on previous studies and a total of 500 copies were distributed. A total of 482 were used for the final analysis, excluding 18 that were discarded.The results of the study are as follows. First, among the fears of entrepreneurial failure of closed restaurants, the fear of career loss has a negative effect on the intention to restart. However, the fear of financial and psychological loss was not significant.Second, among the positive psychological capital of closed restaurants, hope and resilience were found to have a significant positive effect on the intention to restart, but self-efficacy was not significant.Third, intention to restart a new business has no significant positive effect on entrepreneurial behavior. Fourth, among independent shop owners' fear of entrepreneurial failure, psychological loss has a negative effect on the intention to restart a business, and among independent shop owners' positive psychological capital, hope and resilience significantly affect the intention to start a business.In addition, independent store owners' intention to restart a business has a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial behavior. Finally, franchisees' fear of failure has no significant effect on their intention to restart a new business. Among the positive psychological capital, resilience has a significant positive effect on their intention to start a new business. Also, their willingness to restart a new business does not significantly affect their entrepreneurial behavior.Based on these findings, this study discusses the role of fear of failure and positive psychological capital in the relationship between restart intention and entrepreneurial behavior of closed restaurant small business owners. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the differences between the operation of independent stores and franchise stores, and to prepare support programs and policies tailored to the different types of operations. The significance of this study is that by examining the factors of restart intention in closed restaurant small businesses, which is currently a social issue, the research identified the mechanisms that hinder the entrepreneurial behavior of small businesses and provided implications for the establishment of support policies for successful restart.