应用语言学是语言学分科中的一种,主要研究人物在特定环境中进行的特定对话,特别是研究在不同的语言交际环境中如何正确地理解和使用语言。对于语言和文化的关系问题,目前已经有很多学者进行了广泛的研究,他们根据语言种类,从社会文化角度出发,将言语行为分为感谢,拒绝,抱怨,道歉,邀请和称赞等几类。 邀请言语行为在人们的日常生活中使用频率很高,但是如果使用不当,往往会损伤听者的面子,甚至将会使对话双方产生误解。所以,为了更好地达到谈话目的,人们在实施邀请行为时经常会使用各种语言表现和邀请策略来表达邀请的谦恭性。韩语和汉语的邀请言语行为存在很多差异,对学习韩语的中国学习者来说,根据谈话的具体对象和实际状况谦恭地进行邀请并不是一件容易的事。 因此,本论文将对韩国和中国不同文化背景中使用的具有谦恭性的邀请言语行为进行对比,首先分别对韩语和汉语在邀请言语行为中表现谦恭性的方法进行说明,然后对两种语言的邀请言语行为进行对比分析,并对邀请策略进行概括和总结。本研究将对学习韩国语的中国学习者有所帮助,尤其是在依据具体情况进行谦恭的邀请方面具有一定的指导作用。 本论文将分为五部分进行研究。 第一章为绪论部分,阐述了本论文的研究目的和研究意义,并概述了研究方法和先行研究。在先行研究中,分别对韩国和中国邀请言语行为的研究现状进行了概括说明。 第二章从理论背景出发,首先对邀请言语行为的概念及特征、构造和策略进行了概括说明,并进一步对本论文中将要进行研究的邀请言语行为的范围和策略进行了具体阐述。 第三章根据说话人和听话人的上下关系对韩语和汉语中常用的邀请言语行为进行了对比分析。本章分别在听者是上级和听者是下级两种情况中使用的邀请言语行为进行了分析对比。 第四章根据说话人和听话人的亲疏关系对韩语和汉语中常用的邀请言语行为进行了对比分析。本章分别在说话人和听话人是亲密关系和疏远关系两种情况中使用的邀请言语行为进行了分析对比。 第五章为结论部分,在第三章和第四章依据说话人和听话人的关系对韩语和汉语的邀请言语行为进行对比分析的基础上,对结论进行了概括总结,并指出了本论文的不足之处。
Applied linguistics is a branch of linguistics that investigates the language applied by people in specific contexts, and especially how people have a correct understanding and usage of language in different communication environments. The relationship between language and culture has been widely studied by many scholars currently. Distinguished by their different languages and social cultures, speech acts are commonly taken to include such acts as thanking, rejecting, complaining, inviting, and complementing. Improper usage of the speech act of inviting, which is very frequently used in people’s everyday life, can do harm to the hearer’s face and interests, and even bring some misunderstanding between the speaker and the hearer. Therefore, in order to achieve conversation goals, people always tend to use different kinds of language performance and invitation strategies to express their courtesy in the speech act of inviting. As there are a variety of differences in the speech act of inviting between Chinese and Korean, it is not easy for Chinese learners of Korean to invite courteously based on the specific hearer and context. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the comparison of the speech act of inviting with courtesy between Chinese and Korean cultural backgrounds. To begin with, different methods of expressing courtesy in the speech act of inviting in Chinese and Korean are illustrated. Then a comparative analysis of the speech act of inviting in two languages is conducted. Finally, invitation strategies are summarized. This study aims to help Chinese learners of Korean use the speech act of inviting courteously.This thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter 1 illustrates the purpose and significance of this study and summarizes relative research methods and previous studies, in which the current research situation of the speech act of inviting in Chinese and Korean is described. Chapter 2 describes the concept, characteristics, formation and strategies of the speech act of inviting theoretically, and further explain the range and strategies of the speech act of inviting to be studied in the thesis. Chapter 3 is a comparative analysis of the speech act of inviting in Chinese and Korean based on the superior-subordinate relationship between the speaker and the hearer. It will be analyzed specifically in two parts: the hearer belongs to the superior and the hearer belongs to the subordinate. Chapter 4 is a comparative analysis of the speech act of inviting in Chinese and Korean based on the affinity-disaffinity relationship between the speaker and hearer. It will be analyzed specifically based on whether the hearer and the speaker are affinitive or not. Chapter 5 makes a conclusion of the whole thesis based on the comparative analyses of the speech act of inviting in Chinese and Korean according to the relationship between the speaker and the hearer in chapter 3 and 4, and then it points out the limitations of the research and puts forward some suggestions for the further study.