The continued growth of the Chinese economy accompanied with the expansion of the international investment in China has led to an increase in foreign research and development (R&D) activities in the country. Recently, the MNCs' investment structure in China has changed and the R&D lab increases rapidly, which show the new characteristics of the TNCs investment in China.Based upon the international production eclectic paradigm, the resource-based view Theory, and Kummerle?s R&D globalization theory, through analyzing the relationships between investment motivations, types, type features, and management performances, this dissertation probes the strategic characteristics of MNCs? of setting up R&D labs in China.Beginning with classifying different independent variables, the study analyzed the relationships between independent variables and dependent variables by means of the empirical analysis in the study.First of all, the independent variables were classified as follows: 1) Note that this study aimed at exploring the primary motivations in the behavior of MNCs? setting up R&D Labs in China, four main subjective motivations were founded: manufacture sustain and product improvement in local markets, acquisition and utilization of elitist and science & technology resource, absolute advantage in market competition, and beneficial environment in China. 2) R&D Labs consisted of the following four types?local market support labs, local technology support labs, global technology center, and internationally interdependent labs.3) R&D Labs possessed the following three features: positive acquisition of market information and product improvement in order to meet local demands; transfer technology from parent to subsidiary company so as to support local subsidiary companies; and globalized R&D activity support.4) The market index and the organization index were used to measure the Business Performance index in R&D labs.Next, the relationships between different variables were verified through using the empirical analysis. 1) It was verified by the discriminant analysis that the choices of the R&D Lab type features were different because of the various R&D investment motivations.2) It was verified by one-way ANOVA that the R&D Lab management performances were different on account of various R&D investment motivations.3) It was verified by one-way ANOVA that the R&D Lab management performances were different due to various R&D Lab type features. 4) It was verified by the multiple stepwise regression analysis that the more R&D Labs invested in local markets, the greater market performances would be achieved.Finally, we draw the following conclusion through analyzing the results:1) The choices of the R&D Lab type features are different because of thevariousR&Dinvestmentmotivations.ProvidedthatMNCs? investment motivations in China are in order to obtain Chinese markets and customers, local market support labs are supposed to be chosen so as to support Chinese markets; provided that investment motivations are in order togain talents and science and technology resources, global technology centers are supposed to be used to achieve the highest synergy result; provided that investment motivations win an absolute competitive advantage in China, local market support labs are extremely necessary in preoccupying markets; last but not the least, provided that investment motivations are environmental owing to their instability, local technology support labs are a good choice for their relatively low R&D expenses. 2) The R&D Lab management performances are of difference on account of various R&D Lab type features. The management performances of the R&D Labs in MNCs, which are set up for Chinese markets and customers to take a certain relevant strategies, are quite outstanding, In addition, the management performances of the local market support labs are rather remarkable as well for the reason that they know well about the market demands as a result of supplying the necessary product technology for markets and customersIn the end, we draw the conclusion that any MNCs' in China is obliged to well learn about Chinese markets in advance, acquire the information on Chinese markets and customers, yield the products suitable for Chinese markets and customers, avoid transferring technology blindly from parent to subsidiary company, which can lead to better market performances.