A new reaction agent (urea) was used to efficiently separate the phenol and cresols from lowtemperaturecoal tar (model oil) through complexing. The effects of contact time, reaction temperature,and initial concentration were investigated. The phenols content of the upper layer was analyzed byusing gas chromatography. The separation mechanism was determined by analyzing the chemical bondof the complex for urea and m-cresol using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Finally, urea can berecovered through reaction with diethyl ether, and the phenols removal efficiencies can remain constantafter three cycles.