随着现代社会的不断发展和进步, 特别是互联网技术的飞速发展, 当下的中国已经步入了信息网络时代,网络服务在给我们的工作生活带来巨大便利的同时, 其产生的消极影响与日俱增, 网络侵权便是其中不可忽视的问题之一。打击网络侵权是依法治理网络空间中至关重要的一环。中共中央于2020年12月7日印发了 ≪法治社会建设实施纲要(2020-2025年)≫, 其中第六条明确规定了依法治理网络空间,该条首句便明确说明了网络空间不是法外之地, 要推动社会治理从现实社会向网络空间覆盖, 建立健全网络综合治理体系, 全面推进网络空间法治化, 营造清朗的网络空间。从以上规定可以看出, 依法治理网络空间已成为法治社会建设的首要任务。 为了有效打击网络侵权行为, 对网络参与主体进行法律规制已经成为一个迫在眉睫的问题。为了加强对网络侵权的管制, 中国 ≪侵权责任法≫首次将网络侵权责任写入基本法, ≪侵权责任法≫第36条确立了以网络服务提供者为核心的网络侵权归责。因为网络用户是利用网络服务提供者提供的网络服务实施侵权行为的,网络服务提供者也有相应的预防和制止此等侵权行为的能力, 同时, 基于报偿原理, 其也应当负有相应的注意义务。因此, 网络侵权责任规范中最关键的问题就是如何确定网络服务提供者的侵权责任。确切地说,就是如何确定网络服务提供者在何种情形下应当对网络用户的侵权行为承担侵权责任。对网络服务提供者的法律责任进行合理规制, 不仅关系到互联网和电信行业的发展,也关系到网络环境中多方权利人的利益, 实现网络侵权中的利益平衡。
With the continuous development and progress of modern society, especially the rapid development of Internet technology, China has entered the era of information network. While network services bring great convenience to our work and life, their negative impact is increasing day by day. Network infringement is one of the problems that cannot be ignored. Cracking down on online infringement is a crucial part of governing cyberspace according to the law. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the “Implementation Outline for the Construction of a Rule of Law Society (2020-2025)” on December 7, 2020. Article 6 clearly stipulates that governing by law Cyberspace, the opening sentence of this article clearly states that cyberspace is not a place outside the law. It is necessary to promote social governance from real society to cyberspace, establish and improve a comprehensive network governance system, and strengthen law-based network management, law-based network management, and law-based governance. Go online, comprehensively promote the rule of law in cyberspace, and create a clear and clear cyberspace. It can be seen from the above provisions that governing cyberspace according to law has become the primary task of building a society ruled by law. In order to effectively crack down on network infringements, legal regulation of network participants has become an urgent issue. In order to strengthen the control of network infringement, the “Tort Liability Law of the People's Republic of China” (hereinafter referred to as the “Tort Liability Law”) for the first time included network tort liability in the basic law. Article 36 of the “Tort Liability Law” established that network service providers the core network infringement liability. Because network users use the network services provided by network service providers to commit torts, network service providers also have the corresponding ability to prevent and stop such torts, and at the same time, based on the principle of compensation, they should also bear the corresponding duty of care Therefore, the most critical issue in the regulation of network tort liability is: how to determine the tort liability of network service providers. To be precise, it is how to determine the circumstances under which network service providers should bear the tort liability for the torts committed by network users using their network services. Reasonable regulation of the legal liability of network service providers is not only related to the development of the Internet and telecommunications industry, but also related to the interests of multiple obligees in the network environment, so as to achieve a balance of interests in network infringement.