This paper probes into the semantic category of the temperature word "cold(冷)", and analyzes the semantic extension mechanism of "cold(冷)" and the word formation mechanism of "cold(冷)+X" word family. The conclusions are as follows: "cold(冷)" has other abstract meanings besides the prototypical meaning of "low temperature". Metonymy and metaphor are important cognitive models, which are the origin of new linguistic meanings. Through the process of metaphor and metonymy, these concepts are mapped onto more complex conceptual domains beyond the temperature perception domain, forming a variety of meanings. On the basis of these extended meanings, many new words are constructed by conceptual blending, and finally these words combine into a regular and systematic "cold(冷)+X"word family.
本文探讨了温度词“冷”的词义范畴,并对“冷”的词义扩展机制及“冷X”系列词汇的构词机制进行了分析。得出的结论如下:“冷”除了原型含义“温度低”之外还具有其他更为抽象的含义。转喻和隐喻是重要的认知模式,通过隐喻、转喻等过程,这些概念被投射到温度感知域以外更复杂的概念域,形成了丰富的意义。“冷”在这些扩展义的基础上,又通过概念整合组构出了更多新词,最终这些词组成了有规律、成体系的“冷X”系列词汇。