Background: Health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information. It should be considered to make appropriate health education. The aims of this study were to develop the new diabetes education material using storytelling for improving health literacy and to determine the education effects. Methods: A new storytelling based education material was developed using ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate) teaching model. The content was compiled using Korean traditional fairy tales by researchers and a storytelling writer. For determination on effectiveness of education, non-equivalent control group experimental design was used. The participants were 49 rural elders who visiting elderly welfare center; experimental group (25) received education using the new developed material and control group (24) received education using the existing material. The measurement variables for education effectiveness were diabetes health literacy, diabetes knowledge, diabetes self-efficacy and diabetic self-care behaviors. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 21.0 program for mean comparison between two groups. Results: Diabetic health literacy, diabetic self-efficacy, and diabetic self-care behaviors scores were higher in the experimental group than the control group except diabetes knowledge score. Conclusions: Based on research findings, the new education material using storytelling was considered to be easier and more interesting than existing materials for rural elderly to be educated, which improved health literacy more. Using storytelling in health education might be more effective for rural elderly.
연구배경: 건강정보 이해능력은 개인이 건강정보를 획득하고 이해하는 정도를 말하며 이는 적절한 건강 교육을 위해서 꼭 고려되어야 할 요소이다. 본 연구는 건강정보 이해능력 향상을 돕기 위해 스토리텔링을 활용한 당뇨 교육자료를 개발하고 그 교육 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 스토리텔링 기반 당뇨 교육자료는 ADDIE 교수모형에 따라 개발되었고, 내용 구성은 한국 전래동화를 편집하여 작성하였다. 개발된 자료의 교육 효과 평가를 위하여비동등성대조군 설계를 이용한 실험 연구를 진행하였다. 대상자는 농촌지역 노인복지센터를 방문하는 49명의 노인이었고, 그중 실험군 25명은 개발된 교육자료로, 대조군 24명은 질병관리본부에서 배포한 기존 자료로 교육받았다. 효과평가를 위해 당뇨 건강정보 이해능력, 당뇨 지식, 당뇨 자기효능감, 당뇨 자가간호행위를 측정하였다. 결과: 당뇨 지식을 제외한 모든 변수의 점수가 대조군보다 실험군에서 높았다. 결론: 스토리텔링기반 교육자료는 농촌 노인들이 교육받기 더 쉽고, 건강정보 이해능력을 향상시키므로 스토리텔링을 활용한 교육은 효과적이라고 생각된다