A fine poem on Yosef hatsadik appears among several other poems on biblical figures in the oldest known Yiddish literary manuscript, dated 1382 (T–S. 10. K. 22). In the poem, which focuses on the 'assembly of ladies' narrative of the story of Joseph and Potiphar's wife, diverse concepts and values converge: those of biblical exegesis and midrashic literature, of German epic poetry, and of actual reality in medieval Germany. Various borrowings from these sources are reworked in Yiddish and constructed following the model of a traditional Hebrew stanza. As a result, the heroes and events of the story are transformed and transferred to a fictional setting better known to the intended reader. For a long time the juxtaposition of the two central episodes in the Yiddish poem (one stemming from Midrash Tanhuma and the other from Mahzor Vitry) was thought to be original to the author. The discovery and publication of earlier Aramaic poems on the 'assembly of ladies' narrative containing both episodes refutes this assumption, but at the same time allows for a comparative analysis that reveals the great talent and originality of the Yiddish poet, who managed to overcome the flaws and imperfections of his source and produce a charming sophisticated poem at the very dawn of Yiddish literature.