The objective of this study is to analyze the factors affecting drinking behavior among residents of Ongjin County. For this purpose, the 2022 Community Health Survey data was utilized, with a study sample of 872 residents of Ongjin County. To analyze the impact on various drinking behaviors including the amount of alcohol consumed at one time, consumption of 10 drinks or more, annual frequency of drinking, and attempts at moderation or abstention, factors were organized into regression equations encompassing sociodemographic factors, health behavior factors, subjective health status and chronic disease factors, and sociocultural facility factors, followed by hierarchical regression analysis. The key findings are as follows: First, among sociodemographic factors, age, gender, economic activity participation, and income were found to affect drinking behavior. Second, among health behavior factors, smoking status, sleep quality, and exercise participation were found to affect drinking behavior. Third, among subjective health status and chronic disease factors, being diagnosed with hypertension and depression were found to affect drinking behavior. Fourth, among sociocultural facility factors, welfare facilities were found to have a negative effect on attempts at abstention. The major findings of this study will assist in developing various intervention strategies to improve health behaviors such as high-risk drinking among Ongjin County residents.