In recent years, the rapid development of the cross-border e-commerce industry has gradually become a new way of international trade. Under the promotion of the ‘One Belt and One Road’ Initiative, Cross-border e-commerce has become an important driving force for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt. This paper introduces the development status of China's cross-border e-commerce under the background of ‘One Belt and One Road’, and uses SWOT analysis to analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of China's cross-border e-commerce development status. On this basis, the corresponding development proposals are put forward to provide reference for the cross-border e-commerce enterprises in the ‘One Belt and One Road’ economic zone to optimize their future development direction.