司法环境是影响法官思维方式的重要因素之一,当前的司法改革使我 国的基层法治环境处于传统和现代二元共存的状态. 在这样的法治环境 下,基层法官办理涉农案件的思维方式不能守旧更不能激进,需要结合 司法环境的实际情况,在处理纠纷时采用“过渡性”的思维方式. 本文所指 涉农案件主要是指当事人一方或双方为农民主体的离婚纠纷、相邻权纠 纷、继承纠纷、民间借贷纠纷、人身侵权纠纷等涉及农村领域的民事案 件. 本文以基层法官办理涉农案件的思维方式为研究对象,剖析基层法官 处理涉农案件采用的思维方式所存在的问题,并针对这些问题构建基层 法官所应具备的思维方式. 文章分为三部分,第一部分讲基层法官思维的 价值理论,在遵循农村实际的情况下提出构建基层法官处理涉农案件所 应具备的思维方式的理论基础,即基层法官处理涉农案件应具备的乡土 社会的秩序性、基层司法的乡土性以及纠纷解决的法外性;第二部分讲 基层法官的思维方式现状,提出了当前基层法官处理涉农案件采用的思 维方式存在的弊端和不足,未能从基层司法、农村实际和法制环境的格 局出发,思维方式过于激进,忽略了过渡性,包括分离性思维方式、普 遍性思维方式、保守性思维方式、单一性思维方式、程式性思维方式; 第三部分讲基层法官的思维方式建构,针对第二部分基层法官处理涉农 案件的思维方式现状提出了本土司法的整合性思维、司法能动的统筹性 思维和实质理性的侧重性思维三方面的“过渡性”思维方式,其中本土司法 的整合性思维从融通性思维和转化性思维进行了阐述,司法能动的统筹 性思维包括了主动与被动的统筹、法外与法内的统筹,实质理性的侧重 性思维强调了对涉农案件处理过程的侧重并以可接受性和行为引导对裁 判结果进行检视.
Judicial environment is one of the important factors that influence the judge’s thinking mode, the current judicial reform at the grass-roots level of the rule of law environment in our country is in a state of traditional and modern binary coexist. In such circumstances of rule of law, when local judges handle farmer related cases their thinking way can't old and radical, more need to combined with the actual situation of the judicial environment, using the “transitional” way of thinking in handling disputes. This paper referred to farmer related cases are mainly refers to one or both parties as the farmer main body of divorce disputes, such as neighboring rights disputes, inheritance disputes, folk lending disputes, personal tort disputes involving rural areas of civil cases. The article is divided into three parts, the first part of the value of the local judges thinking theory, in the countryside actual situation, proposes basic judge processing farmer related cases by the way of thinking is necessary theoretical basis, namely basic judge processing farmer related cases should have the order of local society, the grassroots judicial nativity and the extrajudicial nature to resolve disputes; The second part about the thinking mode of the status of local judges, puts forward the basic judges processing farmer related cases using the existing disadvantages of way of thinking and the insufficiency, not from the grassroots judicial, the pattern of rural practical and legal environment, way of thinking too radical, ignoring the transitional, including separation mode of thinking, universal way of thinking, conservative way of thinking, single way of thinking, and programming thinking way; Third part speaks at the construction of the local judges of thinking modes, for the second part of basic-level judges dealing with farmer related cases puts forward the thinking mode of the integration thinking of local judicature, the overall thinking of judicial action and the tendentious thinking of substantive rationality on three aspects of “transitional” way of thinking, thinking in which the integration thinking of local judicature melts connectivity and transformation of thinking, the overall thinking of judicial action includes the active and passive as a whole and extrajudicial and law as a whole, the tendentious thinking of substantive rationality on emphasizes on the process of focusing on farmer related cases and the acceptability and behavior guide to examine the result of the referee.