The study focuses on national figures of the Olympic poster design from each country who would has its own culture. Analysing some local natural geographic environment, local nationality and national culture tradition, an emphasis would be placed on the significance and effect that different national culture traditions endow with the localization of poster design, which are proved by three expressing stages of localization embedded in Olympic posters, local visual elements, local artistic expressing methodologies and local aesthetic ideas. The thesis starts from Olympic culture, and furthermore, precise and profound analyses on specific Olympic posters are given according to the time sequence of successive Olympics, and an even comprehensive analysis on posters of Olympic Games of 2016 Rio de Janeiro is made in the last chapter. All these make a joint effort to produce the conclusion that national culture tradition is the root and multiculturalism is the foundation of localization design of Olympic posters. The detailed analyses on the localization of Olympic posters design are based on ample information and rigorous demonstration, which tends to find out the developing track and theoretical foundation for the localization study of Olympic posters design with the hope of supplying valuable information to the future PE poster design.