In order to realize the current stress optimization in hybrid three-level dual active bridge (DAB) converters and improve the dynamic response performance, this paper presents a transient current optimal control based on the three-phase-shift (TPS) steady current stress optimized strategy. An adaptive direct power control strategy based on the internal resistance estimated online is proposed to improve the response performance of output voltage. Moreover, a transient current optimization strategy by reconstruction of the switching sequence is presented based on the triple-phase-shift (TPS) control, which can eliminate DC-bias current, make the inductor current reach steady state within a half switching cycle, and reduce the current stress significantly under all operating conditions. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the correctness of theoretical analysis.