With the continuous development of unmanned systems swarm technology, the loitering munition swarm technology has gained wide attention from various countries for its unique combat advantages, and the task allocation technology is the key guarantee for its completion of combat missions. With regard to this technology, the first and second part of this article introduced the current development, the classification standards and system architecture of task allocation. The third part analyzed the typical distinctions between loitering munition swarm and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm, conducted multiconstraint analysis, summed up the dynamic burst states, established the modeling of distributed task allocation and the performance evaluation function, and also summarized the advantages and disadvantages of typical algorithms. The fourth part prospected the development direction and research focus, and the last part is the conclusion.