Combination of satellite images, Land-Use/Land-Cover (LULC) and census data has potential to identify and characterize urban growth. In this study, we used NTL to compare urban growth pattern in Adelaide, Australia and Tokyo, Japan, and then investigated the relationship among NTL, LULC and population census data for analyzing urban growth. The subsequent spatial correlation analysis show that there was a strong positive correlation between urban/built-up area and population density in both Adelaide (r = 0.90) and Tokyo (r = 0.81). Furthermore, Multiple linear regression model quantified population density in Tokyo using the combination of NTL imagery and urban/built-up data obtaining a correlation value of R 2 = 0.80. The study demonstrated that combination of NTL and LULC data is able to predict urban population growth.