China railway logistics network has been planned, constructed and expended with 127 distribution centers by 2018. So, logistics operation is strategically important in the operation period for the whole network. Therefore, multiagent simulation is proposed in this paper which estimates and evaluates to get the best program including distributed inventory and distribution. Perishable food logistics problem in Taiyuan railway bureau is taken for example in which GIS and demand excel data are loaded and the shortest and fastest strategy is designed in Anylogic 8.0.3. The operational experiment proves the multi-agent simulation for railway logistics operation practicable, feasible and effective.