To realize the inheritance and creative transformation of Dai bamboo chair furniture, the typical bamboo chair prototype was transformed into a real product using an innovative design based on the prototype theory. The design process provides a reference for the inheritance, development, and innovative design of national characteristic furniture. Firstly, the Dai bamboo furniture was investigated, and prototypes such as materials, colors, and patterns were collected. Secondly, the prototype of traditional bamboo furniture of the Dai nationality was created with an innovative design while retaining the typical characteristics of the Dai nationality. With a new innovative design of bamboo furniture of the Dai nationality, the furniture surface was experimented with to verify the feasibility of the furniture. The result verified for a new idea for the innovative design of national characteristic furniture.