Logistics vehicle and cargo matching problem is a typical combination optimization problem, which has important theoretical and application value in the field of logistics distribution. The proved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is one of the most extensive optimization methods studied in recent years, with excellent global search ability and convergence speed. Based on the IPSO algorithm, this paper proposes an effective IPSO algorithm model for the matching problem of logistics vehicles and goods, and conducts the corresponding comparative experiment. The final experimental results show that the algorithm has good results in practical application and can provide a feasible optimization method for solving the problem of logistics vehicles and goods.