Aiming at the problem of high loss and low efficiency of the spindle motor for machine tools in high-speed and high-frequency operation, the characteristics of high frequency and low loss of amorphous alloy materials are used to replace the traditional silicon steel sheet of motor, to reduce the core loss of motor and improve the efficiency of the motor. In this paper, a 20 kW high-speed spindle permanent magnet synchronous motor is taken as the research object. Combined with the characteristics of amorphous materials, the influence of different structural parameters on the performance of the motor is analyzed. The electromagnetic structure of the motor is designed, and the finite element analysis model of the electromagnetic field is established. The no-load condition and load condition of a motor are both simulated and analyzed, and the prototype is designed and manufactured. The correctness of the simulation results is verified, which provides a certain reference value for the application of amorphous alloy materials in the high-speed high-frequency motor.