This chapter deals with various aspects of the emerging contaminants. A brief introduction and classification of the target pollutants is mentioned. The ill effects and the consequences of such contaminants are also mentioned. One of the most required actions on such pollutants is their monitoring. Several analytical procedures ranging from the traditional spectrophotometric method to hyphenated liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry finds a place in this chapter. Sample preparation step is equally important for the accurate analysis and it has been mentioned in detail. Further, a few suggestions on the future challenges related to emerging contaminants have been given.